The AI Citation Index

The domains AI answers actually cite

Ranked by breadth — how many separate accounts, in unrelated industries, saw the domain cited in their own scan. Raw citation volume is the wrong sort key: a domain quoted 1,400 times inside three scans of one niche tells you about the niche, not about the engines. By that measure the most universal source in AI answers is reddit.com, which showed up in scans belonging to 88 of 91 accounts.

Every engine has a different diet

Share of each engine’s citations by the kind of page it pointed at. The spread is the story: these are not six front-ends over one index, they are six different retrieval philosophies. AI Overviews sends 2.8% of its citations to forums and community threads; Claude sends 0.2%.

Source type	ChatGPT	Claude	Gemini	Perplexity	AI Overviews	Grok	All engines
Community & forums Threads real people wrote — Reddit, Quora, Stack Exchange, Hacker News.	2.6%	0.2%	0.9%	2.6%	2.8%	1.6%	2.1%
Video Video platforms, where the citation points at a watch page or transcript.	0.2%	0.0%	0.6%	2.0%	6.1%	1.0%	1.7%
Social networks Profile and post URLs on the big social graphs.	0.3%	0.8%	0.4%	3.5%	4.8%	3.0%	2.7%
Reviews & directories Software review marketplaces, agency directories and ratings sites.	2.6%	3.6%	0.9%	2.3%	1.7%	1.7%	2.2%
Encyclopedias & reference Wikipedia and the other general-reference encyclopedias.	2.4%	1.1%	0.2%	0.3%	0.2%	0.8%	0.6%
News & media Publishers and newswires, from national press to trade titles.	0.6%	0.7%	0.8%	1.2%	0.5%	1.5%	1.0%
Academic & government Journals, preprint servers, .edu, .gov and intergovernmental bodies.	4.8%	3.6%	2.0%	2.6%	1.2%	3.5%	2.8%
Statistics aggregators Sites whose whole product is scraped statistics round-ups.	0.2%	0.3%	0.1%	0.7%	0.1%	0.1%	0.4%
Vendor & independent sites Residual — everything the lists above didn’t recognise. Not shaded: it would flatten every other row.	86.4%	89.7%	94.1%	84.9%	82.6%	86.9%	86.5%

Ranking in one engine barely predicts the next

Give two engines the identical prompt in the identical scan, and compare the sets of domains they cite. The number below is the mean Jaccard overlap — shared domains as a share of all domains either engine used. Gemini and ChatGPT agree on 4.9% of their sources. The best-agreeing pair on the board, Grok and ChatGPT, manages 13.3%. There is no such thing as “ranking in AI”.

Overlap	ChatGPT	Claude	Gemini	Perplexity	AI Overviews	Grok
ChatGPT	—	5.3%	4.9%	6.3%	5.9%	13.3%
Claude	5.3%	—	9.3%	12.7%	8.9%	10.4%
Gemini	4.9%	9.3%	—	8.3%	9.2%	11.8%
Perplexity	6.3%	12.7%	8.3%	—	10.0%	12.8%
AI Overviews	5.9%	8.9%	9.2%	10.0%	—	10.8%
Grok	13.3%	10.4%	11.8%	12.8%	10.8%	—

How often each engine cites anything at all

Before overlap can matter, an engine has to show its sources. AI Overviews attaches sources to 84% of its answers; ChatGPT to 32%.

Engine	Answers with sources	Answers	Citations	Sources per cited answer
AI Overviews	84%	5,393	41,718	9.2
Perplexity	72%	21,139	248,342	16.3
Claude	45%	10,872	57,436	11.8
Gemini	42%	21,161	50,705	5.7
Grok	36%	20,758	35,286	4.7
ChatGPT	32%	21,357	43,104	6.3

AI does not cite new content

For every page we saw cited and could fetch, we read the publish date out of its own markup and compared it to the first time we recorded an engine citing it. The median page was 197 days old. Only 10% were under a month old; 69% were under a year. Publish-and-wait is not a strategy, but neither is judging a page after three weeks.

What a cited page is made of

We fetch the pages engines cite and pull their structure apart. This is the composite of 7,089 of them — not what SEO advice says a citable page should look like, but what the pages winning citations right now actually contain.

Format of the cited page

How this is measured, and what it can’t tell you

Questions about the data

Which sources do AI answer engines cite most?

Across 476,591 citations collected from six engines between April 2026 – October 2026, the domain seen by the most separate accounts is reddit.com — cited in scans belonging to 88 of 91 accounts. Ranking by breadth rather than raw volume matters: a domain cited thousands of times inside one niche is a property of that niche, not of the engines.

Does ranking in ChatGPT mean you rank in Gemini?

No. On the same prompt in the same scan, Gemini and ChatGPT share only 4.9% of their cited domains — the weakest agreement of any pair we measure. The strongest pair, Grok and ChatGPT, still only reaches 13.3%. Answer-engine visibility has to be measured per engine.

How long after publishing does AI start citing a page?

Longer than most content calendars assume. Of 3,221 cited pages with a readable publish date, the median was 197 days old when we first recorded an engine citing it, and only 10% were under a month old. That figure is an upper bound — we learn a page is cited when a scan runs, not the moment it happens.

What does a page that AI cites look like?

The median cited page runs 1,614 words, carries 16 discrete statistics and 9 self-contained quotable paragraphs, and 61% of them include an FAQ block. Guides and listicles dominate the format mix.

Can I use this data?

Yes. Every table on this page has a CSV download and the data is free to republish with attribution and a link to rankmonster.ai/sources. If you want a cut we do not publish — a specific category, a longer window, a different slice — email [email protected] and we will usually run it.

How is this measured?

We run fixed prompt sets through six answer engines and record every source URL each engine returns with its answer. This edition covers 100,680 engine answers across 8,919 distinct prompts and 663 scans, from 91 accounts. Citations are counted per engine response; domains keep their subdomain.